Diverter

The diverter is an annular blowout preventer with a large piping system underneath. It can be used to divert kicks on the drill floor and also when running conduits. Do not use it if there is no riser. Large-diameter tubing typically has two orientations and diverts wellbore fluids away from the rig (see diagram below for more).

A diverter should only be used when shut-in is not possible due to concerns about formation rupture or loss. The use of a diverter is subject to regulations and operator policy.

The diverter is usually installed on the conductor sleeve, with the large deflector pointing downwind. Typically, selector valves located on each diverter line can be operated individually so crews on the rig can direct fluid in the proper direction. It is designed for short periods of high flow, but it cannot withstand a lot of pressure. In the case of a high flow rate, erosion is easy to occur, so the larger the shunt pipe, the better. Also, straight shunt lines are preferable.

The function of the diverter system is to allow the well to blow out safely or bridge itself. Figure 2.45 shows a typical diverter system by which the kick must be safely diverted from the rig. This type of blowout preventer is commonly used to drill surface wellbores. If the well is prone to blowouts at such shallow depths, there will be no benefit to using a suitable BOP stack because the formation fracture gradient is too low. The pressure can be very low (eg: 500psi). However, a large amount of liquid is to be expected. The drain tube should be as straight as possible and securely fastened.

Shaffer 30" 1000psi and Hydral MSP 29-1/2"-500 psi for ground installations are large bore annular spinners whose large bore allows full bore drilling while protecting the spinner. Its large bore allows running large-sized surface casings without removing the sprayer. Therefore, it is always ready to discharge the gas flow.

The deflector provides an efficient way to redirect the flow of shallow, low-pressure gas. The deflector can be used either as a deflector or as an annular blowout preventer. There are very few moving parts on the annulus/rotator, which means there are very few surfaces to wear. Therefore, the diverter is a safer and simpler mechanism that requires less maintenance and downtime. Front and rear feedable rubber on the packing unit enables the packing unit to close and seal almost any shape on the drill string, or close open hole and strip tool joints under pressure. This safety feature allows the blower to be fully shut off at the initial kick indication without delaying tool joint positioning. The conical bowl design of the piston provides a simple and effective method of closing the packing unit. The piston acts as the sealing surface of the rubber packing unit, and there is no metal-to-metal wear on the sealing surface, thus prolonging the life of the equipment.

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